tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-77682366116896752332024-03-07T23:23:25.387-08:00Grade 7 essay writingMy Family Essay Writingmathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-63702305701648513072020-08-27T14:42:00.001-07:002020-08-27T14:42:05.858-07:00How far has current social work organisation and practice been shaped by the values of the Enlightenment?In the accompanying task, I will quickly characterize the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' and the particular conditions when it developed. I will recognize and examine, if the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' has fundamental beliefs and I will offer motivations to reinforcement my choices. At that point there will be a concise conversation about the current highlights of Social Work association and hostile to oppressive practice comparable to ladies. I will clarify if the current element of Social Work Practice shows any connection with the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' values. Because of word impediment, it is hard to talk about and dissect the entirety of the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' values. I will concentrate on two of the qualities: ââ¬Ëtolerance and opportunity' to talk about and break down them with the combination of the Social Work Practice. Benson et al (refered to in Spybey, T. 1997) clarifies that ââ¬Å"The ââ¬ËEnlightenment' is a term used to portray those scholars of the eighteenth century who built up the premise of taking a gander at the general public in a logical wayâ⬠. The' Enlightenment' developments began in sixteenth and seventeenth century. Consequently ââ¬Å"It's underlying foundations go a lot farther back in western history and it kept on growing long after the eighteenth century, Hollinger (1994) calls it ââ¬Å"a program for improving human life was worked outâ⬠. It occurred in eighteenth century yet essentially in the second 50% of the18th century, French instructed people considered themselves ââ¬ËPhilosophes' who got known as the ââ¬ËEnlightenment'. As indicated by Porter (1990 refered to in Hall et al 1992: 24) ââ¬Å"The Enlightenment was the period which saw the rise of a common scholarly people sufficiently enormous and incredible enough just because to challenge the pastorate. The key space wherein ââ¬ËEnlightenment' learned people engaged with supporting existing, man and society, which was continued by the congregation authority and it's syndication over the data media of the timeâ⬠. The ââ¬ËEnlightenment' tested the conventional and strict perspectives and thoughts. The general public, the world, individuals and nature, all were found in the light of the customary and strict perspectives which were ruled by Christianity. Hamilton (1997 refered to in Handouts, 2003) and Hall et al (1992: 7) clarifies that ââ¬Å"From around 1760, ââ¬Å"A point of view summarized in Voltaire's expression ââ¬Ë㠯⠿â ½crasez l'infame': implies ââ¬Ëcrush the scandalous thing' and â⬠¦ it turned into a nutritious catchphraseâ⬠. It restricted the Catholic Church and strict convictions for instance Script of Bible, supernatural occurrences related with Jesus and different prophets, God and blessed messenger's presence, the congregation's power and individuals' convictions were censured, which depended on the religion and convention. Lobby et al (1992: 20) communicates that ââ¬Å"The ââ¬ËEnlightenment is the establishment of ââ¬ËModernity' and ââ¬ËModern Social Science'. It changed the perspective by grasping it as methodical, logical and practicalâ⬠. Its rise gave ââ¬ËPhilosophes' a more extensive scoops to investigate past their strict and conventional convictions. It made an air for ââ¬ËPhilosophes' to have confidence in the ââ¬Å"pre-distinction of observational, realist information: the model in this regard outfitted by science, an eagerness for innovative and clinical advancement and a craving for legitimate and sacred reformâ⬠(Johnson, I. Freebees: 2003). Essentially, the ââ¬ËEnlightenment established a framework for individuals to think generously and have some feeling of equity in the general public. In my view, the above noteworthy elements were the bases of the ââ¬ËEnlightenment's qualities, which let the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' create and progress consistently. Since it was the first run through when it was caused feasible for individuals to investigate and communicate their own convictions and view and test the legitimacy of their considerations, through logical, deliberate ways and without being limited by strict and conventional limitations. The ââ¬ËEnlightenment' values acquired changes and advancement in the general public and in the individuals' perspectives and musings. It set the achievement for our new present day world that we live in today. It likewise opened up the open doors for ââ¬ËPhilosophes' to work, investigate and analyze in a more extensive setting and transfer their thoughts and perspectives with some opportunity. It canceled the customary and odd considerations and biases. It made open doors for legitimate and strict renewal to happen. I believe that all the progressions and improvement have just occurred on the grounds that the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' values were in presence and were sufficiently able to challenge the most grounded position; the houses of worship of that time. As houses of worship and its specialists have had an incredible impact and control over individuals, economy, governmental issues, law, social, consistently life even the ruler/s of that time. Lobby et al (1992: 21-22) had characterized the fundamental beliefs of the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' which are summed up as the accompanying: * Reason (nationality): systemized associates (even minded or tested). * Empiricism: people; perspectives and mindfulness that being increased through their observations and decisions. * Science: in light of logical techniques and hypotheses and can be tried deliberately and deductively. * Universalism: intentions and science can be utilitarian in all and each circumstance; if the chief were the equivalent. * Progress: the idea of progress in the regular and social states of individuals. * Individualism: a general public depends on the musings and convictions of its individuals and every part id cause of all ââ¬Å"knowledge and activity and his reasons can not be emotional to a more significant position authority. * Toleration: the thought of that every single individual are basically the equivalent, notwithstanding their strict or good feelings and that the convictions of different races and human progress not innately mediocre compared to those of European Christianity. * Freedom: a resistance to primitive and customary imperatives or on accepts: exchanges, correspondence, social association, sexuality, and responsibility for (in spite of the fact that as we will see the augmentation of opportunity to ladies and the lower-classes was tricky for Philosophies)â⬠(Hall et al. 1992: 22-23). * Uniformity of human instinct: all the humankinds are a similar all around the globe. * Secularism: non-strict and non-conventional specialists and a restriction to the customary strict position and legends. Presently, I will examine the ââ¬ËEnlightenment's qualities: ââ¬Ëtoleration' and ââ¬Ëfreedom' in the connection with the current Social Work practice particularly comparable to hostile to prejudicial work on in regards to ladies, to build up if the Enlightenment's qualities are connected or have affected Social Work practice. I have encountered through my work involvement in various networks that by and large, ladies are dealt with unreasonably and inconsistent in the general public at most levels. Ladies have less opportunity and rights than men. Comprehensively, the ladies of 21th century are as yet battling to increase an equivalent spot as men in the general public. Master (2003: class-notes) focuses on that ââ¬Å"From birth to death ladies need to battle in their lives to get to their privileges e.g government assistance, individual, social, political, human, social, conventional, strict, worker, employmentâ⬠. The Social Work underlines firmly on hostile to harsh and against unfair practice. ââ¬Å"During the late 1980s social work instruction turned out to be progressively mindful of the effect of abuse and separation on customers and networks. There was a developing and acknowledgment of relative disregard of such issues in conventional ways to deal with social work in 1989, the Central Council for Education and Training in Social (CCETSW) set out the guidelines and prerequisites for the studentsâ⬠of Social work to rehearse in hostile to oppressive manners. â⬠¦CCETSW additionally look to guarantee that understudies are set up to battle different types of separation dependent on age, sex, sexual direction, class, incapacity, culture or creedâ⬠(CCETSW 1989: 10 refered to in Thompson, N. 1997: 1). The adjustment in the CCETSW's guideline demonstrates that the separation despite everything exists particularly against specific gatherings and ladies are one of them and there is a need to battle segregation. Besides, it likewise expresses that it was perceived that the separation was connected with ââ¬Ëtraditional approaches'. It might imply that the ââ¬Ëtraditional perspectives' despite everything exists in our the present society, which the ââ¬ËEnlightenment' needed to dispose of, to give individuals ââ¬Ëfreedom' and to advance equity for all people without their disparities they had through ââ¬Ëtoleration'. Clearly, the ââ¬Å"Enlightenment positively spread idea of correspondence (restricted), majority rule government and liberation â⬠¦.â⬠(Hall et al.1992: 33). Yet, with regards to ladies then it appears as though that the ladies were practically imperceptible in the ââ¬ËEnlightenment'. Corridor et al (1992: 60) communicated that ââ¬Å"There was no Enlightenment for ladies. Anyway they (Enlightenment) tested the boss the privileges of house, the privileges of Citizens, slaves, Jews, Indians and youngsters yet not those of womenâ⬠. Under the ââ¬ËEnlightenment's estimations of ââ¬Ëtoleration and opportunity': ââ¬Å"all the people are basically the sameâ⬠yet it was not applied to ladies. Doorman (2001: 69) clarifies that ââ¬Å"The ââ¬ËEnlightenment' assisted with liberating a man from his pastâ⬠¦.by announcing that ââ¬Å"all people are equivalent notwithstanding their race, religion, convictions, human advancement and good convictionsâ⬠¦ and Lock (1992 alluded in Hall et al. 1992: 66) includes that as per the ââ¬ËEnlightenment', ââ¬Å"Every man has an equivalent right ââ¬Ëto his normal freedomâ⬠. Comparative, the ââ¬ËCode of Practice for Social Care Worker (CPSCW) necessitates that the social consideration laborers must ââ¬Å"promote equivalent open doors for administration clients andâ⬠¦ regarding decent variety and various societies and valuesâ⬠(GSCC, 2002: mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-25665799194563702262020-08-22T12:14:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:14:07.880-07:00Essay on Capital Punishment Example For StudentsArticle on Capital Punishment Outline1 Introduction2 Execution and its methods3 Advantages and drawbacks of the executions3.1 Advantages3.2 Disadvantages4 Conclusion Presentation The vast majority of the warmed conversations and discussions spin around the subject of the death penalty. Particularly it is very mainstream among understudies, who have picked law as their major, to make this point one of the focal thoughts of their factious article or even proposition. One can scarcely think of a crueler method to perpetrate a punishment for bad behavior than the death penalty. In law, it is normally characterized as the demonstration where the individual is to be slaughtered in the event that they have carried out such wrongdoings as murder, less magnificence, a wrongdoing against a human or annihilation. The death penalty is the main conceivable approach to secure individuals and prevent bad behavior. Till nineteenth century the death penalty, or as such capital punishment, was utilized as the main choice to give security and assurance from lawbreakers. We will compose a custom article on Capital Punishment explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In the cutting edge world, capital punishment is treated in various ways. For instance, practically all Europe, just as Oceanic nations and Canada, have revoked capital punishment and executions. In actuality, the United States, acknowledge a choice to hold this discipline, despite the fact that some may think about it as an infringement of the constitution. The general public accepts that our human progress has better and less remorseless approaches to rebuff genuine lawbreakers. Also, capital punishment is an activity against contentions in the constitution. Regular conclusion claims it to be a spurning of alterations ( eighth and fourteenth) in the Constitution. Execution and its strategies Executions were as one of the way to stop hoodlums from carrying out homicide and different types of wrongdoings. In spite of the way that the general public considers unsatisfactory to utilize capital punishment so as to diminish murder recurrence, the authority of certain nations think distinctively and, in this manner, apply the accompanying sorts of capital punishment: Deadly infusion The United States previously utilized a go to such sort of capital punishment over 30 years prior. à Since then it is considered is the most across the board sort of the death penalty with its pace of 90%. à The technique includes the utilization of a blend of medications, where every one is deadly in proper sums. Electric shock Another much of the time utilized strategy of execution utilized in the United States is electric shock. à The method looks as following: the criminal enters an execution chamber and is put on a wooden seat with electric associations. The procedure starts, when all the important gear is connected. The method might be rehashed if the criminal isn't articulated to be dead. Hanging Capital punishment where hanging is included is one among the most established. Just three conditions of the United States despite everything go to this strategy. Prior to the very procedure, the doctor cautiously inspects the lawbreaker and guarantees prompt demise with no hindrances. Gas inward breath As of now, this technique is utilized distinctly in four states and just as an option in contrast to other regular types of capital punishment. The main issue a miscreant faces is that the method might be long and demise isn't generally moment. Shooting A transgressor might be shot once, for instance by a neck shot. In different cases, a miscreant can be executed by a terminating crew. The shooters for the most part focus on à wrongdoerââ¬â¢s chest so that to hit the lungs and heart. Points of interest and weaknesses of the executions The death row has tallied more than one thousand of detainees that were sentenced to capital punishment. Capital punishment is a warmed conversation these days. A few people concur and accept that the criminal who has carried out homicide ought to endure a similar demise, while others differ clarifying it as an unsuitable activity from the perspective of religion or morals. Such suppositions brought about the qualification between the preferences and drawbacks of the death penalty. .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .postImageUrl , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:visited , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:active { border:0!important; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:active , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!import ant; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: On Dumpster Diving EssayAdvantages Viable wrongdoing obstruction Capital punishment is utilized not exclusively to rebuff those, who à have carried out homicide, a wrongdoing against human or some other genuine wrongdoing, yet in addition so as to alarm individuals and miscreants, and put them off doing inadmissible things. The dread of sufferings ought to be the factor to prevent an individual from bad behavior. Cash sparing It is notable that the state goes through gigantic measures of cash to execute transgressors waiting for capital punishment. They will set aside more cash if a detainee is condemned to the death penalty than if they are bolted for the entire life in jail. Indeed, even a few pros consider the social insurance and food gracefully of a detainee to be useless and only a misuse of cash. Brief timeframe languishing The occasion and the way that a detainee nearly doesn't endure à are among advantages of this activity. Such far reaching technique as deadly infusion is only a brief moment, to the extent drugs are harmful and its sums cause moment passing. Drawbacks Execution of a non-criminal It's a given that each framework is flawed, so it here and there happens that guiltless individuals get detained and are condemned for violations they are unessential as well. An obtuse activity Capital punishment is a flat out debate to what guarantee a few religions, human profound quality, morals. It is consistently important to recall one thing that we ought to never make hurt each other and never do a thing to others that we would not do to ourselves. A purpose behind mental injury Psychotrauma is one more drawback of the death penalty. Capital punishment includes a detainee as well as someone else, who will remove their lives. That is the reason such activity may leave an awful preference for mouth and ache of blame. End The death penalty is an idea that is dealt with contrastingly in the public eye. Despite the fact that there are individuals who express their difference and hatred concerning the death penalty, they are back-tied and have no forces to meddle. Until they have a place with power, obviously. While the legislature will adhere to the idea that the death penalty will alarm away hoodlums, they will see no outcomes in the variance of the quantity of murders and wrongdoings. Each and every other individual has its own standards to adhere to and its own wants to be persuaded by. Does a à person have a sentiment of what is adequate and what isn't, at that point the death penalty has no impact on them? à The sky is as far as possible in their activities. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-9944394413086425972020-08-21T09:56:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:56:05.038-07:00How to Find a Good Essay Writing SamplesHow to Find a Good Essay Writing SamplesIf you are looking for the best essay writing samples then I have found it in my search to find those from old SAT essays. The old SAT essay that I was referring to was written by a woman who was in the Middle East.I was curious and went online to check out what she had written and I was shocked at what I found. Her writing was a piece of art, well done if you ask me. She did indeed use old SAT essay writing samples from her old SAT days.The one thing that stuck out to me the most about her writing was the fact that she did not try to rewrite or improve on her old SAT essay. Instead she just copied and pasted what she had already written and just wrote in an entirely different style.My original intention was to learn some of the best essay writing samples but I quickly learned that no, not all the best essay writing samples are old SAT essay samples. There are plenty of good essay writing samples that are still in use today.There is a reason fo r this, it is because essay writing is not that difficult, and this is why so many people fail when they try to write a good essay. And the main reason is because there are so many people who try to out do each other in this endeavor.An example of this is the person who tries to make their essay so unique that it is completely different than what everyone else has written before. What they don't realize is that when their essay is reviewed by others, and they don't write in a very unique style, then their essay is not that unique but rather the same as the hundreds that preceded it.There are also plenty of essays that are already in use and were just updated to reflect some of the changes made with the SAT. So you see, old SAT essay writing samples can actually be very helpful to those who need some help learning how to write an essay.But in order to find those essay writing samples for use in your essay, you will need to find a way to catch them. If you go to any college fair then you will probably find a large number of students trying to get their essays reviewed by others. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-10632390400299474852020-05-25T21:05:00.001-07:002020-05-25T21:05:03.634-07:00Reformation in continental Europe and England and its... Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth century. One of the main ones was that the papal authority and credibility were damaged. This was done through, Avignon papacy, - a time where the headquarters of the Holy See had to be moved from Rome to Avignon, it brought uncertainty to the people,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It raised the level of education and brought about new scientific discoveries. Renaissance emphasized biblical languages, and allowed for critical analysis of the Bible. This led to different doctrinal interpretations such as that of Martin Luther in Germany, who was convinced that salvation came through faith in Jesus and not the sacraments of Church and John Calvin in Switzerland, who believed God has decided the destiny of a person and nothing could change this. The invention of printing by Johann Gutenberg provided a powerful instrument for the spread of these learning and Reformation ideas e.g John Calvinà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã
âInstitutes of the Christian religionà ¢Ã¢â ¬?. This sped up the Reformation because it allowed widespread broadcasting of criticism of the Church around Europe. While these were the main causes of Reformation in continental Europe, in England, King Henry VIII initiated the Reformation. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, after she had failed to produce a male heir to the throne. However, a divorce was not a simple issue. Henry VIII was a Roman Catholic and the Roman Catholic faith believed in marriage for life. It did not recognise, let alone support, divorce. He also wanted to prevent the interference of foreign powers in the national and international affairs of the country.Show MoreRelatedReformation in Continental Europe and England and Its Consequences1611 Words à |à 7 PagesReformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreThe Beginning Of The Reformation1476 Words à |à 6 PagesTask 1: Describe the beginning of the Reformation in Germany (including who, when, and where). ââ¬Å"The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural uprising that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Churchââ¬â¢s ability to define ChristianRead MoreThe Kingdom of the Netherlands1756 Words à |à 8 Pagesof dikes, wooden windmills, and fields of colorful tulips. A land of diverse and varied history, the Netherlands has overcome intriguing struggles in many centuries, impacting the world despite its diminutive size. Among the smaller countries in Europe, the Netherlandsââ¬â¢ ranks thirty-first out of forty-five countries. The country has many valuable assets, such as the famed Ruhr industrial zone lusted after by the ambitious Germans in World War II. It would be an understatement to say that theRead MoreReading Key3881 Words à |à 16 Pagesthe floor of the Great Basin. Salt Lake lost its outlet and evaporation caused it to become saline. Appalachian Mountains: Formed before continental separation. 350 million yrs. Ago. Tidewater Region: Caused by many river valleys. Slope upward to the Appalachians. Rocky Mountains: 135-25 million yrs. ago after continental separation. Great Lakes: weight of the ice caused depressions in the Canadian Shield. This scoured away the topsoil Missouri Mississippi-OhioRead MoreThe French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution and the American Revolution1831 Words à |à 8 Pagesthe oversized books in English. Introduction The definition of a Revolution according to the National Encyclopedia is a fundamental change, often over a short period of time. Politically the word was first used during the Glorious Revolution of England in 1688. However, there are three other major revolutions during the time period 1688 Ãâ" 1789 that this essay will shed light on. The American Revolution, the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution are all important revolutions of its timeRead MoreThe Features Of Early Childhood Education1920 Words à |à 8 Pagesperspectives on early childhood education in England and some other nations like Italy, determine the relationship existing in the history of early childhood provision in the UK and its present frame and state clearly the role of practitioner in planning and putting on a broad and balanced, child-centred curriculum within the indoor, outdoor environment and outside the early childhood context. Early childhood care and education for young children began to develop in England in the late 18th century and wasRead MoreNineteenth Century Americ A Bleak Portrayal Of The Sociopolitical Scene3092 Words à |à 13 PagesPuritan New England experienced one of the most peculiarly memorable historical events of all time. The Salem Witchcraft trials of 1692 remain prominently embodied in the long and colorful history of New England, stretching back into the pre-colonial period. In the grand scheme of things, the Salem trials were the results of a long struggle between the mainstream catholic faith and the early Protestants. It is worth to mention from this outset that Catholicism had spread all over Europe by the eleventhRead MoreBritish National Identity8214 Words à |à 33 PagesBRITISH NATIONAL IDENTITY What is national identity in postmodern Great Britain? 21st century Europe. Postmodernism. European Union. Capitalism. Fragmentation. In search of a new identity. Divided and together facing the rest of the world. History turns to be an invaluable source for the researchers to tackle properly the term. But history was written by the conquerors. The truth is probably in-between. In The importance of not being English, David McDowall states that national identity nowadaysRead MoreSociology and Other Sciences7090 Words à |à 29 Pagesearlier researchers, notably Adolf Wagner and Henry Morselli, who were much more careful in generalizing from their own data. Second, later researchers found that the Protestant-Catholic differences in suicide seemed to be limited to German-speaking Europe and thus may always have been the spurious reflection of other factors. Despite its limitations, Durkheims work on suicide has influenced proponents of control theory, and is often mentioned as a classic sociological study. Durkheims study of suicideRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words à |à 658 Pages(A) ââ¬â long term planning of a successful dot.com. Jordan ââ¬â the challenge of building capabilities for success in Formula 1. Shefï ¬ eld Theatres ââ¬â strategy formulation for a wide audience of public and commercial stakeholders. Fisons ââ¬â disastrous consequences of stakeholder management. Iona ââ¬â Mission-driven strategy and stakeholder management. HomeCo ââ¬â wrestling with governance and strategy in the boardroom; a role play. BMW ââ¬â driving organic growth through market development in the automotive industry mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-34428208993839781892020-05-15T03:25:00.001-07:002020-05-15T03:25:03.907-07:00The Tragic Heroes Of Sophocles Oedipus The King And... Rough Draft Ignorance is one of the most hidden but controlling characteristics one may have. It carves the path for many plays and stories and is usually not recognized until a situation is too late to fix. This is represented in the two plays Oedipus the King and Antigone by Sophocles. Oedipus and Creon, the two the tragic heroes, have ignorance built up inside of them, though both are different. They then both then have realisation of their blindness by self-love, either by themselves or others. It is only two late when they see reality because they have already lost something dear to them and later grieve, only blaming themselves. Though both stories are formated the same, both show different lessons and circumstances. In both Oedipus the King and Antigone, the tragic heroes are masked in ignorance which after a tragic downfall, is only recognized after itââ¬â¢s too late and an item dear to them is gone. In the story of Oedipus the King, the tragic hero, Oedipus, is masked in ignorance from the reality of his ruling of Thebes. Because of his ignorance, he is fast to make assumptions and tends to stick with them. He makes the speculation that Creon is manipulatively trying to kick Oedipus out of his position as king. ââ¬Å"Must Creon. so long my friend, my most trusted friend, Stalk me by stealth, and study to dispossess of me, Of this power this city has given me- freely given - This pedlar of fraudulent magical tricks, with eyes Wide open for profit, but blind in prophecy?â⬠Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Antigone By Sophocles1074 Words à |à 5 Pages1 Gabriel Smith Professor Christopher Foster English 1302 01 March 2016 Essay 2: Antigone A hero is a person who shows courage or noble qualities in the face of danger. There are many different types of heroes in literature and media such as superheroes saving the world, or an everyday fireman saving a kitten from a tree. Deriving from Greek literature, tragic heroes are common among early literature. Tragic heroes are defined by Aristotle by the following requirements, they must come from royaltyRead MoreAntigone by Sophocles1059 Words à |à 5 Pages In the book Antigone, Creon and Antigone can be considered as the tragic heroes of the play. Antigone is considered the tragic hero because of the characteristics she shows such as her ambition to defeat Creon, Creon shows more of the characteristics clearly. Creon is the king of Thebes. He is also Antigones uncle. Creon became king after a fight between Eteocles and Polyneices. One may see Creon as a harsh and controlling ruler, but he is not good nor bad because he shows signs of both like whenRead MoreComparing Oedipus The King And Antigone1311 Words à |à 6 Pagesanalyzing both Oedipus the King and Antigone, Oedipus and Antigone are very alike in ways. When reading these plays, the mind is wired to compare how the protagonists are alike, and contrast how they are different. Antigone and Oedipus are idolized by the people, but the legacy of Oedipus seems to have been altered due to the fact that he has experienced bad past family relationships; therefore as Gale explains, â⬠Å"Antigone hangs herself. Creonââ¬â¢s son Haemon, who was in love with Antigone, commits suicideRead More The Tragic Hero: Creon or Antigone? Essay1293 Words à |à 6 Pagestragedy Antigone, the characters Antigone and Creon can both be thought of as the tragic hero of the play. Though Antigone does show some of these characteristics of a tragic hero, Creon demonstrates the attributes more clearly and concisely. Creon is the King of Thebes, as well as the uncle of Antigone. Creon took the throne after a tragic quarrel between his two nephews, Eteocles and Polyneices. Despite his harsh governing and his crude ideals, he is not good or bad. Creon is the tragic hero ofRead MoreAntigone - Paper 131697 Words à |à 7 Pagesdrama was written in such a way that the characters are the pivotal aspect of the play. The main characters in Sophoclesââ¬â¢ epic play, Antigone, are both very strong personalities, which naturally leads to conflict. Antigone and King Creon both have very inte nse beliefs and roles in this play that oppose each other, and although there is a family tie, will lead to an imminent tragedy. Antigone is a young women who believes in the loyalty of her family and fears no one and nothing. She is willing to giveRead MoreAntigone : A Complex, Yet Debatable Play1343 Words à |à 6 PagesAntigone is a complex, yet debatable play, written by Sophocles somewhere around 442 BC (Johnston). Chronologically, it is the third of the three Theban plays, but was the first and also one of the most famous tragedies ever to be written (Sophocles). The setting of the play is set in front of the Palace, Thebes, and Ancient Greece, though most Greek playwrights were from Athens, their plays are hardly ever set there. (Sophocles). It begins with the death of two brothers, Polyneices and EteoclesRead More Creon As Tragic Hero of Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Antigone Essay836 Words à |à 4 PagesCreon As Tragic Hero of Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Antigone Since the playââ¬â¢s inception, there has always existed a contention concerning the true hero of Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Antigone. It is a widely held belief that Antigone must be the main character simply because she and the drama share name. This is, of course, a very logical assumption. Certainly Sophocles must have at least meant her to be viewed as the protagonist, else he would not have given her the playââ¬â¢s title. Analytically speaking, however, Creon doesRead MoreCreon as Tragic Hero1586 Words à |à 7 PagesFinest In the Greek play Antigone, Creon and Antigone can both be claimed the title of Tragic Hero. Creon was made king when Oedipus Rex fled the kingship. Creon is the brother in law of Oedipus, and was giving the kingship only because Oedipusââ¬â¢s sons, Eteocles and Polyneices were killed trying to fight for the thrown. Antigone is Oedipusââ¬â¢s daughter and Creonââ¬â¢s niece. When it comes down to who the tragic hero is, Creon most definitely walks away with the title. A tragic hero by definition is ordinaryRead MoreAn Interpretive Analysis On Conflicting Self Reassurance1337 Words à |à 6 Pages Antigone: An Interpretive Analysis on Conflicting Self-Reassurance Antigone is a complex, yet debatable play, written by Sophocles somewhere around 442 BC. Chronologically, it is the third of the three Theban plays, but was the first to be written. In addition, Antigone was also one of the most famous tragedies ever to be written. The setting of the play is set in front of the Palace, Thebes, and Ancient Greece. Though most Greek playwrights were from Athens, their plays areRead More Creon as Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone Essay593 Words à |à 3 PagesCreon as Tragic Hero of Sophocles Antigone There has always been a bit of confusion as to the tragic hero of the Greek Drama Antigone. Many assume that simply because the play is named for Antigone, that she is the tragic hero. However, evidence supports that Creon, and not Antigone, is the tragic hero of the play. Examining the factors that create a Greek Tragedy, and a tragic character, it is clear that the tragic hero is in fact Creon. First, take into account the timeframe in which mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-13844629838916596222020-05-06T16:05:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:05:05.051-07:00British Airways - 3360 Words Report on ââ¬Å"British Airways Strategy Information Systemsâ⬠TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: MISSION STATEMENT 3 CHAPTER 2: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 4 CHAPTER 3: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 5 PEST ANALYSIS 5 SWOT ANALYSIS 7 CHAPTER 4: INFORMATIONS SYSTEMS 8 INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT OPERATIONAL LEVEL 8 INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT MANAGERIAL LEVEL 11 INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT STRATEGIC LEVEL 13 CHAPTER 5: SUGGESTED STRATEGY 14 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 15 Mission Statement: ââ¬Å"To be the most exclusive and first choice airline for all airline travelersâ⬠We recommend a new mission statement after a consultation process involving our group members. The mission statement can replace anâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Relevant key performance indicators (KPI) are set. Environmental Analysis: Economic Increased interest rates credit crunch in US are affecting people to spend on luxuries like long distance air travel. The economic environment of the airline sector has been characterized by growth in relation to most key figures. Air travel demand has closely mirrored the cyclical pattern shown by gross domestic product (GDP) figures in that it responds to cyclical upswings and downswings. However, air travel growth has far exceeded GDP growth over the period. Between 1960 and 1995 the total world economy, measured by GDP, grew by a factor of just over three, while air transport, measured by tonne-kilometres, grew by a factor of nearly 20 (Hanlon, 1999).Furthermore, fuel and aircraft prices are major expenditure items subject to fluctuations and the international orientation of the industry means that movements in foreign exchange rates can have major effects upon industry profitability. Holloway (1998) maintained that aviation managers face the need to pursue strategies capable of sustaining profitability throughout entire economic cycles. Social Increased popularity in foreign travel is leading to a boom in demand for air travel. However, this has been adversely affected by international terrorism. A number of demographic factors point towards a greater use of air travel. Thus an increasing proportion of the population is relatively healthy and prosperous, increasingShow MoreRelatedBritish Airways3107 Words à |à 13 PagesINTRODUCTION This report will be based upon a promotional plan for revenue enhancement, consisting of a marketing audit of British Airways (BA). It is essential to gather and explore most recent published company information, in order to examine the overall marketing performance of the company. This would further permit a detailed and applicable marketing review of British Airways marketing performance for a given period of time, in relation to internal examination covering a Marketing Mix of theirRead MoreBritish Airways6908 Words à |à 28 PagesBRITISH AIRWAYS Introduction: The world today has evolved in numerous ways thanks to the many inventions and discoveries, but few have changed the way people live and experience the world as deeply as the invention of the airplane. The industry has progressed to the point where now it would be impossible to think of life without air travelling (for developed countries). Thanks to this, long distances have been somehow Ãâshortened hence altering peoples concept of distance. As well, making itRead More Analysis of British Airways3333 Words à |à 14 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. British Airways: Overview 4 2. Key stakeholders 4 3. Mission and objectives 5 4. Market structure 6 5. Managing diverse cultures 7 6. Economic changes, fiscal and monetary policy 8 7. Regulation 11 8. Conclusion and Recommendations 12 9. References 14 Executive Summary British Airways has focused its mission and objectives towards satisfying its key stakeholders that include employees, customers, Government and the British public. The company has beenRead MoreHistory of British Airways3844 Words à |à 16 PagesHistory: British Airways PLC is the largest international airline in the world. It is based at Heathrow Airport in London, the busiest international airport in the world, and has a global flight network through such partners as USAir in the United States, Qantas in Australia, and TAT European Airlines in France. Via its own operations and those of its alliance partners, British Airways serves 95 million passengers a year using 441 airports in 86 countries and more than 1,000 planes. British AirwaysRead MoreBritish Airways Valuation8265 Words à |à 34 Pagesgovernment increases the interest rate to avoid inflation during past years. HM-Treasury in November 2003 forecasted the economy to grow by 2.6% form 2004 to 2005 and slow down marginally to 2.4% from 2006 to 2007. Section 1 Company Profile British Airways Plc (BA). The Group s principal activities are the operation of international and domestic scheduled and charter air services for the carriage of passengers, freight and mail and the provision of ancillary services. The Group s global allianceRead MoreBritish Airways Analysis2158 Words à |à 9 Pagessupplier of British airways, as a stakeholder it plays an important role in the development of the firm whereas it is also crucial to assess the stakeholder for maintaining the long-term relationships. There are three main connection features, which drives the value of the stakeholders. This essay will map British Airways stakeholders as well as the ethical concerns it has dealt with from its different stakeholders Background of British Airways The group of British airways comprises of British airwaysRead MoreThe Purpose of British Airways Essay790 Words à |à 4 Pageswww.flyertalk.com www.britishairways.com L01: Understanding the organisational purposes of business Task 1 1.1a: The British Airways background: British Airways came into existence since civil aviation began shortly after World War I. A lot has changed in the 90 years from the worlds first schedule air service on 25 August 1919 to the present day civil air travel. Every 10 years since civil aviation began. The world has seen changes in the types of planes that have been in service toRead MoreBritish Airways Management Analysis6222 Words à |à 25 PagesManagement Research Report What has British Airways done during the recession to be competitive against Ryanair and Easyjet? Table of Contents 1. Introduction â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. 3 2. Methodology â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. 4 3. Short History 3.1 British Airways â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦5 3.2 Easyjet and Ryanairâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..6 4. Prior to the Recession 4.1 British Airways â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Read MoreBritish Airways - Organizational Structure5689 Words à |à 23 Pages2009 Structural Perspective: British Airways Andrà © Costa Choi Sin Man Jiyun Baek 0 1 ââ¬â Introduction In different working fields, companies face the pressure of globalization, and they must find new ways to overcome this challenge. The following example, introduces the case of British Airways, which needs to deal with the globalization issue trying to reduce the operational costs, increase profits and provide suitable services to customers. According to British Airways annual report from 2008/2009Read MoreBritish Airways Case Study3091 Words à |à 13 PagesIntroduction British Airways is the one of the largest airline companies, and the passengers carry overall in the fifth largest in the world. Most of plans are stay in Heathrow Airport which is the highest of main international airport. The British Airways has a long history and airlines cover 133 countries; include 373 airplanes. The BA Company includes 50,086 workers to be in the service, which is one of the largest employers and employees in the United Kingdom. British Airways (BA) is based mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-83877236317803461902020-05-05T18:36:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:36:03.877-07:00Eggshell Membrane Reduces Joint Pain free essay sample All rights reserved. no part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by an information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. in other words, donââ¬â¢t copy any of our work, sell it for profit, or pass it off as your own. That would be wrong. But you already knew that. however, there is something we would like you to do: Read this book and share it. We want everyone to read and benefit from this book, which is why itââ¬â¢s free. if you like it and think your friends, family, colleagues, customers, subscribers, or neighbours would find value in it, spread the word. This book is free. Print it, share it, link to it, quote itââ¬âall we require is that you give us credit by letting people know weââ¬â¢re the authors when you do. a link back to the book or to precisionnutrition. com would be appreciated too. Design Carmelo Galati, SeeSaw Creative Communications, [emailprotected] ca Published Precision nutrition inc. , precisionnutrition. com aBSTRaCT Can Eggshell Membrane Reduce Joint Pain? BaCkGRound While many conventional treatments have been used to remedy chronic joint pain, interest continues to grow in the area of alternative, natural treatments. Eggshell membrane (EM) supplementation is a novel treatment for joint health, and has recently been shown to rapidly and continually improve joint pain in patients with osteoarthritis and joint and connective tissue disorders. The current study aimed to observe the effects of one particular eggshell membrane product (fast joint care+; FJC+) supplementation on chronic joint pain in physically active adults. METhodS Sixty adults (40. 2 à ± 10. 2 y; 78. 6 à ± 10. 2 kg) experiencing chronic joint pain supplemented daily with either 500mg FJC+ or placebo, over the course of 4 weeks. Participants also completed a weekly exercise protocol designed to challenge their irritated joint. Participants then rated their joint pain immediately, and one day after, this exercise challenge. RESulTS Participants in the FJC+ group reported significantly less joint pain post-exercise following FJC+ supplementation (-16. 13 à ± 3. 60) when compared to those in the placebo group (ââ¬â4. 30 à ± 2. 84; p=0. 00171). In addition, during the 4 week study, both groups experienced decreases in next day joint pain (p=0. 0015), although there were no significant differences between the two groups (pgt;0. 05). ConCluSionS In the current study, daily FJC+ supplementation appeared to decrease post-exercise joint pain vs. placebo, although this effect did not persist 24 hours post-exercise. Because eggshell membrane research is in its infancy, further research may be needed to clarify its utility in managing joint pain. 1 Precision Nutrition | www. precisionnutrition. com BaCkGRound Why Study Eggshell Membrane? n the united States, over 20% of adults have reported doctor-diagnosed joint and connective tissue (JCT) disorders; this number has been projected to increase by 40% over the next 25 years [1, 2]. numerous forms of intervention have been used as treatments to improve joint pain. Conventionally, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (nSaids) and analgesics have been used to address joint pain associat ed with JCT disorders; however, their long term use has been associated with diverse and severe side effects including cardiac and gastrointestinal complications [3, 4]. Alternative therapies used to treat joint pain include dietary supplements; the most popular of these supplements being glucosamine, chondroitin and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). While many turn to these complementary treatments to avoid the side effects associated with NSAIDs and analgesics, there is little evidence to support their effectiveness, and the evidence that does exist is equivocal [5]. Several large-scale human clinical trials [6], including the National Institutes of Health-sponsored Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial, as well as a few additional meta-analyses and reviews [5, 7] have reported limited effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation in reducing joint pain. However, other groups have noted long-term improvements in joint pain from glucosamine supplementation alone [8], and further enhanced effectiveness of combined glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, rather than the separate use of either supplement [5, 9]. The question of their effectiveness in JCT populations is subject to ongoing debate. There has been growing interest in eggshell membrane (EM) supplementation as a treatment for joint pain, as it does not present the side effects of conventional treatments (NSAIDs). Eggshells and their membranes have been extensively analyzed 2 Eggshell Membrane Reduces Joint Pain for their components: the separate layers of the eggshell have been analyzed and found to contain several types of collagen (types X, I, V) [10-12]. Additionally, EM has been found to have notably high concentrations of a number of amino acids [13], collagenlike proteins [14-16], enzymes [17-19] and glycosminoglycans (GAGs). Glycosaminoglycans are of high interest, as they play key roles in connective tissue [20]. Glucosamine, hyaluronic acid and chondritin sulfate are important GAGs in EM (21, 22). With the high protein and enzyme content, and naturally occurring GAGs in EM, scientists and nutritional supplement companies have speculated that it could present a viable alternative to traditional joint disorder and osteoarthritis treatments. Additionally, while the aforementioned elements of EM have been detected, it should be noted that membrane components have not yet been wholly characterized; there are likely a number of compounds that have yet to be identified in the membrane. Some of these yet undetected elements may contribute to benefits or improvements seen in joint health. To date, very few studies have investigated the effects of EM supplementation on joint pain and range of motion. In rats, 4 weeks of EM treatment led to significant reductions in many proinflammatory cytokines (measured in plasma), notably including TNF-? nd IL-1 [23]. Two recent clinical reports [24, 25] investigated the timing and effectiveness of EM supplementation in JCT and osteoarthritis patients experiencing severe pain and limited range of motion. These patients received daily 500mg doses of oral EM for four to eight weeks. Rapid (seven to ten days) and continuous effects were seen in terms of reduced pain and stiffness, as well as im proved flexibility. In both investigations, there were no reports of adverse effects with supplementation. In the present study, we set out to observe the effects of EM (fast joint care+; FJC+) supplementation on joint pain within a physically active adult population experiencing chronic joint pain in one of four joints (ankle, knee, shoulder or elbow). As many adults use exercise to manage joint and connective tissue disorders, this population would likely see great benefit from adjunct therapies designed to reduce pain and increase range of motion. 3 Precision Nutrition | www. precisionnutrition. com METhodS What We Did. And How We Did It. Prior to commencing the study, all participants gave their informed consent. A total of 60 adults between the ages of 18 and 70 (45 men and 15 women; 40. 2 à ± 10. 2 y; 78. 6 à ± 10. 2 kg; see Table 1) agreed to participate. Each reported chronic pain in one of the following joints: elbow, shoulder, ankle or knee. Participants were recruited online through a popular health and fitness community and data were collected through self reports in a distance-based capacity. Participants were also prescreened to exclude those who had used any additional medications (methotrexate or immunosuppressants), NSAIDs, analgesics, or joint supplements (MSM, glucosamine or chondroitin) two weeks prior to the start of the study. Those with egg allergies, or who were pregnant or breastfeeding, were also excluded. Participants were asked to refrain from use of pain medications throughout the study period. TaBlE 1. dEMoGRaPhiCS of BoTh SuPPlEMEnT and PlaCEBo GRouPS GRouP MalES fEMalES aGE (yRS) WEiGhT (kG) knEE loCaTion of Join Pain ShouldER ElBoW anklE Supplement Placebo 23 22 7 8 41. 0 +/- 10. 0 39. 4 +/- 10. 5 78. 6 +/- 10. 4 78. 6 +/- 10. 1 12 13 10 10 6 5 2 2 Sex, age, weight, and reported joint pain area are shown for each group. In order to participate, individuals had to be exercising regularly, at least three times per week. They were screened for their regular physical activity (reported 4. 8 à ± 1. 1 exercise sessions/wk), and asked to ensure that both their exercise and nutritional regimens remained unchanged over the course of the study. After matching for age, sex, and affected joint, participants (n=60) were randomly assigned to receive either the EM supplement (fast joint care+; FJC+), or a placebo supplement for 4 weeks. These groups did not differ significantly in terms of age or weight, contained similar numbers of men and women, and contained similar numbers of individuals with shoulder, elbow, knee, and ankle pain (see Table 1). All supplements were provided to subjects in identically marked containers, and all capsules (placebo and FJC+) were identical in appearance (color, flavor, size). All participants were instructed to take their ââ¬Å"supplementâ⬠once per day, at the same time of day (i. e. first thing in the morning, with breakfast). 4 Eggshell Membrane Reduces Joint Pain Each capsule of the FJC+ supplement contained 500mg of Gallus gallus (chicken) eggshell membrane extract (a commercial preparation sold as fast joint care+ by Genuine Health, Toronto, Ontario); additional non-medical ingredients included rice flour, magnesium stearate, gelatin, and water. The color and flavor matched placebo capsules contained only rice flour, magnesium stearate, gelatin, and water. The individual components of FJC+ were not quantified in the supplement as the product is intended to be used as a complete eggshell membrane extract, without additional ingredients (ie. additional glucosamine, chondroitin, etc. . In addition to their normal exercise program, participants were asked to complete an additional exercise challenge once per week. This exercise challenge was to be completed on the same day of each week (Monday) and at the same time of day (in the morning, after supplementation and breakfast). The exercise challenge for those with chronic shoulder or elbow pain consisted of pushups. For those with chronic knee or ankle pain, the exercise challenge consisted of jump squats. Each of these sessions involved performing 10 sets of 5 repetitions of the given movement, with 2 minutes of rest between sets. Immediately after each exercise challenge session, participants rated their specific joint pain on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at two time points: within 10 minutes of completing the challenge and 24 hours following the challenge. Compliance to the exercise programming and supplementation schedule was self-reported and logged by participants; those logs were provided to researchers weekly via email. Subjects were also asked to report any side effects during the trial. Joint pain was assessed using a 100mm visual analog scale (VAS), and participants submitted this information via electronic form. A self-assessment was performed at the two time points (post-exercise, and next day after exercise) for each of the 4 weeks. Each subject was asked to ââ¬Å"click on the line below to indicate how severe the pain is on the affected joint with 0 being no pain and 100 being pain as bad as it can beâ⬠. Responses were submitted electronically on a weekly basis, after each pair of assessments. VAS scores were then measured in millimeters from the left hand end of the scale to the point marked by the subject. Data were collected across the 4 weeks of supplementation, and analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (i. . MANOVA). In cases of significant interactions (p? 0. 05) post-hoc analysis was performed using Studentââ¬â¢s t-test for comparison between groups, and paired t-test for comparison within groups (JMP, SAS Institute Inc. , Cary, NC). The VAS ratings were reported on a scale of 0 to 100, with 0 indicating no pain, and 100 representing greatest pain. Where ap propriate, change scores were examined after adjusting absolute scores and then comparing between groups with a one-way analysis. All values are reported as mean à ± SEM, and statistical significance was set at p? 0. 5. To summarize the protocol in brief: During week 1 of the investigation, subjects took their first 500mg dose of FJC+ with breakfast on Monday. After breakfast they immediately performed their first exercise challenge and then rated their joint pain using the VAS described above. In addition, they rated their joint pain on Tuesday, 24h later. During each subsequent week, subjects repeated the same protocol, providing 4 weeksââ¬â¢ worth of joint pain data, with week 1 serving as a baseline. 5 Precision Nutrition | www. precisionnutrition. com RESulTS So What Happened? Following 4 weeks of supplementation, participants in the FJC+ group had a significantly greater decrease in post-exercise joint pain compared to participants in the placebo group (-16. 13 à ± 3. 60 in the FJC+ group and ââ¬â4. 30 à ± 2. 84 in the placebo group; p=0. 0171; see Figure 1). Figure 2 illustrates changes in joint pain between groups across the 4 weeks of supplementation: main effects were found for both time (p=0. 0003) and the interaction between group and time (p=0. 0354). 0 Change in Joint Pain Index (VAS) -5 Placebo FJC+ -10 -15 -20 * -25 Figure 1. Mean change in joint pain (measured with VAS) following 4 weeks of supplementation. Participants in the FJC+ group experienced significantly larger decreases in post-exercise joint pain compared to participants in placebo group (p=0. 0171). Note: absolute scores were adjusted into change scores, which were then compared between groups using a one-way analysis. 6 Eggshell Membrane Reduces Joint Pain 50 Joint Pain Index (VAS) 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 Weeks 3 4 FJC+ Placebo * Figure 2. Post-exercise joint pain (measured with VAS) across 4 weeks of supplementation. There was a main effect for time (p=0. 0003), and an interaction between time and group (p=0. 354), indicating greater joint pain decreases in the FJC+ group (-43. 4%) than the placebo group (-30. 6%). Post-hoc analysis showed between group differences from week 1 to week 4 (p=0. 0171). Note: higher VAS values indicate more pain. In accordance with Figure 1, post-exercise joint pain in the FJC+ group decreased by 43. 4% while the placebo group experienced a 30. 6% decrease in pain over the 4 week period. Post-hoc analysis shows a mean difference between groups when comparing overall change in pain from week 1 to week 4 (p=0. 0171). Next day reports of joint pain also decreased over time (p=0. 015; see Figure 3) with next day joint pain decreasing by 46. 7% in the FJC+ group (from 35. 34 à ± 4. 33 during week 1 to 18. 82 à ± 4. 38 during week 4) and by 40. 9% in the placebo group (from 26. 38 à ± 4. 58 during week 1 to 15. 59 à ± 4. 01 during week 4). There were no significant differences between the groupsââ¬â¢ joint pain scores across the 4 weeks of supplementation (p=0. 1971 for group and time interaction). 7 Precision Nutrition | www. precisionnutrition. com 50 Joint Pain Index (VAS) 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 Weeks 3 4 FJC+ Placebo Figure 3. Next day joint pain (m easured with VAS) across 4 weeks of supplementation. A main effect was seen for time (p=0. 0015). However, there were no significant differences between groups across the 4 weeks (pgt;0. 05), indicating similar joint pain decreases in both the FJC+ group (-46. 7%) and the placebo group (-40. 9%). Note: higher VAS values indicate more pain. Participants in both placebo and FJC+ supplementation groups did not report any side effects during the study. 8 Eggshell Membrane Reduces Joint Pain diSCuSSion Some Clarifications About Our Work The results of this investigation suggest that four weeks of supplementation with 500mg fJC+ daily improves post-exercise joint pain vs. upplementation with placebo, specifically in physically active adults experiencing pain in the ankles, knees, shoulders, and elbows. Other investigations using EM supplementation have observed similar reductions in joint pain, specifically in populations with osteoarthritis and JCT disorders. In one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, daily oral administrati on of either 500mg placebo or 500mg EM was given to patients with knee osteoarthritis [24]. After 10 days, rapid improvements in both joint pain and stiffness were seen in the EM group. Improvements in pain and stiffness were sustained (and enhanced) following 60 days of administration. A similar study with JCT patients [25] also observed both rapid (7 days) and sustained (30 days) improvements in pain and flexibility following daily administration of 500mg EM. There were no adverse events reported in either study, and the treatments appeared to be well tolerated by the patients. These statistically and clinically significant outcomes suggest that EM supplementation may be a natural and effective alternative therapy for both clinical populations with limited activity levels as well as physically active populations. Many of the various components present in EM have been thoroughly analyzed. Eggshells consist of a number of layers: an inner and outer membrane, a mammillary layer (connecting the eggshell and outer membrane), an outer palisade layer, and an outer cuticle covering the eggshell [10]. The inner and outer shell membranes are the first layers of extracellular matrix covering the egg itself [11]; the outer membrane is predominantly made of type I collagen, whereas the inner membrane consists mainly of type V collagen [12]. In addition, type X collagen has been reported to occur in both of these membrane structures [10]. EM amino acid profiles have also shown high concentrations of arginine, glutamic acid, histidine, cystine and proline [13]. Additionally, a number of collagen-like proteins (including hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, desmosine, and isodesmosine) are primary structural components of the membranes. 9 Precision Nutrition | www. precisionnutrition. com Other components have been quantified in EM including: lysyl oxidase (reported to play a role in the development and repair of connective tissue), ovotransferrin, and lysozyme [17-19]. However, the presence of glycosaminoglycans in EM is of particular interest. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as glucosamine, are composed of repeating hexosamine disasccharides and act as major components of connective tissue [20]. Clearly, there are a number of individual components present in the EM that have known physiological roles in joint and connective tissue; however, EM is novel in that it is a natural extract that provides a combined source of these compounds. The absolute quantity of each component in the EM is not known, and those quantities may likely vary with each extraction in the supplement production process. Additionally, it is plausible that a number of yet unisolated elements, proteins, and enzymes exist in EM, which may also contribute to improved joint and connective tissue health. Therefore, the observed benefits associated with EM supplementation may not be directly attributable to any one specific component of the supplement (ie. lucosamine, chondroitin, etc. ); it may be more appropriate to assume that the combined effects of the knownââ¬âand unknownââ¬âcomponents of EM contribute to the observed improvements in joint health. A number of individual components in EM are known to have important roles in maintaining connective tissue in vivo, though the physiological mechanisms by which those components improve overall joint health through supplementation (flexibility, connective tissue repair and maintenance) have no t been measured in humans. One experiment, however, investigated the effects of EM supplementation on systemic pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in rats [23]. In this study, rats were given oral doses of EM for 7 days. Significant decreases were observed in plasma levels of numerous inflammatory antigens following supplementation; thus, it is possible that the anti-inflammatory effects of oral EM supplements may contribute to the improvements in joint pain ratings seen in human trials. More research is warranted to investigate these effects. Interestingly, the most pronounced effects of FJC+ supplementation in this study were present in post-exercise ratings of joint pain. This may be due to the proposed anti-inflammatory benefits associated with EM. If the exercise challenge used in this investigation led to acute joint inflammation, it stands to reason that the most pronounced impact of EM would be to reduce the pain associated with this postexercise increase in inflammation. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-39180797980590846302020-04-12T05:30:00.001-07:002020-04-12T05:30:03.335-07:00Denmark Globalisation and the Welfare State mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-3241842068048611392020-03-10T17:14:00.001-07:002020-03-10T17:14:03.392-07:00To What Extent is it Reasonable to blame Germany for the out essaysTo What Extent is it Reasonable to blame Germany for the out essays Germanys invasion of France via Belgium was the initial act of war that brought about the commencement of war. However, is it fair to say that it was Germany and Germany alone who acted to bring about this first step? I would argue that a series of events led to the German invasion of Belgium, but to what extent could Germany be blamed for this series of events? Germany was a new power in Europe; the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership in January 1871 was the result of the brilliant diplomacy of Otto von Bismarck who by skilful use of war, and his excellent methods of convincing others of his good intentions created the new empire. However, the emergence of the German empire had upset the balance of Central Europe maintained for centuries by the Holy Roman Empire and temporarily sustained by the German Confederation. Many people believe that the invoking of hatred within France by the creation of this new empire and the mistrust of the other surrounding empires over Prussian expansionist tendencies led inevitably to a European war. The fact that war was averted for nearly forty years was due to Bismarcks brilliant diplomacy. He managed to convince the other European powers that Prussias only ambition was to consolidate its gains and not to expand further. He also made a series of complex treaties with Russia, A ustria and Italy. The basic outcome of this web of agreements was that Germany had a neutrality pact with Russia in the event of an Austro-Russian war, whilst promising support to Austria and Italy in the event of a war with another country. These treaties succeeded in isolating France a kept the peace for a considerable time, in this way what Bismarck achieved was momentous. Whether, had Bismarck continued as German Chancellor after 1890 on the accession of Wilhelm II, war may have been averted we will never know. It is unlikely that Bismarcks delay could... mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-68377629582858147162020-02-23T07:40:00.001-08:002020-02-23T07:40:03.224-08:00Should all federal welfare programs be abolished Research PaperShould all federal welfare programs be abolished - Research Paper Example ain welfare programs associated with the federal government include: the Food Stamp Program, Temporary Assistance for the Needy Families, Medicaid, and Supplementary Security Income, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and Housing assistance. Other small government welfare programs include Infant and Children Welfare, Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Low Income Home Energy Assistance, and School Based Food Assistance. In 1996, welfare reforms by President Bill Clinton brought about the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), which replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children Act (AFCDA). Through this Act, President Clinton aimed at reducing welfare assistance to the needy families. These programs should therefore not be abolished because they impact positively on the lives of a majority of the American citizenry. For instance, the federal welfare programs have reduced poverty levels and provided for medical welfare of the low income earning citizens. These programs should not be abolished though far reaching reforms need to be put in place to reduce the number of people in these programs. According to the United States Code, 2000 (279), the main aim of federal welfare programs is to provide assistance to the unemployed and needy citizens. Assistance includes unemployment and reemployment assistance, and emergency grants to assist seasonal farm workers and migrants. Before any reforms are made the benefits of federal welfare programs need to be evaluated. The first question we need to evaluate is why many people are running to welfare programs. If welfare programs did not help the poor, no legislation or Congress would have approved the welfare programs. The Medicaid program introduced in 1965 was to be funded by both the federal and the state governments to help improve the medical needs of the low incoming Americans who cannot afford medical cover (Northrup, 181). The federal and state Medicaid covers pregnant mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-69672941015305299852020-02-07T00:28:00.001-08:002020-02-07T00:28:02.980-08:00Tort Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsTort Law - Essay Example This analysis will take into account the various damages that may be available to the plaintiffs according to the breaches of the Civil Code and tort in Common Law. The analysis of liability will therefore be pursued in a manner that will ensure that people that were harmed by negligence and battery will be justly compensated and the persons who breached the law are punished. Liability The Company Under common law, the company may be liable for battery since the chemicals that were ingested by the townspeople and the children originated from the company. The company is guilty since the elements of battery are present in the case. Offensive contact is proved by the coming into contact of the people and the chemicals through water, which resulted into injury in death. There is a lack of consent on the part of the townspeople on the dumping of the chemicals in the water. Additionally the company does not have the privilege of dumping toxic wastes in the public systems. The case for batt ery however lacks the element of intent since the company has proved that it educated its workers on proper disposal and as such not intended to careless dump of its chemical waste. In Garratt v. Dailey [1955] 2 d 46 [HL]1 the plaintiff brought battery charges against the plaintiff a five year old of pulling the chair she was about to sit on causing her injury. The issue was in question was whether battery charges are improvable since intent of the child is not easily proven. The company is therefore not liable for battery. The company may also be sued on negligence since it is because of its workers actions that the injury to the townspeople and children occurred. The three elements of negligence; duty of care, breach and proof of injury are all present in this instance. Duty of care entails that the company owes it to the community to be careful in the disposal of waste. A breach would entail the non-adherence to such care, which would result to an injury. This exemplified by the case of Talmage v Smith, 101 Mich. 370, 374, 59 N.W. 656 2 in which it was held that liability is proved upon the consideration of a reasonable manââ¬â¢s precautions towards the happening of an injury. The duty of care was breached when the company allowed its chemicals to infect the public water system resulting into injury for the townspeople3. The company did not ensure the proper disposal of chemicals by its staff and as such liable for negligence. Under strict liability, the company may argue that it was not aware that the tanks might leak chemicals into the system. It might also be argued that the company had trained its staff with regard to the handling of such chemicals. Strict liability usually has only one element; liability arises from the happening of an injurious event. Under strict liability there is no need top prove intent such as in battery but simply that injury occurred. Under strict liability doctrine, the company is liable in that even though it took all prec autions, under common law, it is still liable in tort. A good example of this is the case of Cambridge Waster Company v. Eastern Counties Leather [1994] 2 AC 2643 (HL) the rule is that even as people have a right of enjoyment of land, the keeping of anything on the land will result to liability if it escapes from the land4. The UAE Civil Code does not mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-4246496772427135852020-01-29T02:34:00.001-08:002020-01-29T02:34:04.779-08:00The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay The characters of the King and the Duke are most likely the most important after Huck and Jim in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. These two men come into Hucks story in chapter nineteen when he leaves the Grangerfords, a family who is fighting a continuous and everlasting war against their neighbors, the Shepherdsons. Huck sees the King and the Duke being chased by some dogs, and he decides to take them aboard the raft, which Huck and Jim are using to travel down the Mississippi River. Huck eventually realizes that the two men that he helped are con artists. Towards the end of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the two phonies are tarred and feathered by a mob who was finally able to catch them. The punishment of the Duke and the King was suitable because the scams they performed were sickening, and they obviously were not bothered by what they did. Mark Twain shows his disrespect for the two imposters through Hucks first impression of them, and how he reacts to the small scams they carry out. The appearance of the King and the Duke is negative from the moment he sees them. His impression of the King is that He had an old battered-up slouch hat on, and a greasy blue woolen shirt, and ragged old blue jeans britches stuffed into his boot-tops, and home-knit galluses? no, he only had one. He had an old long-tailed blue jeans coat with slick brass buttons flung over his arm, and both of them had big, fat, ratty-looking carpet bags. (Page 120) This impression The two of them go on to make up stories how one is actually the Duke of Bridgewater and that the other is the rightful King of France. Huck later comments that It didnt take me long to make up my mind that these liars warnt no kings nor dukes at all, but just low-down humbugs and frauds. (Page 125) The next day, the Duke and the King go into the town of Pokesville, where they go to a town meeting in the woods. The King tells the people at the meeting that he is an ex-pirate of the Indian Ocean who has found his true path and wants to dedicate his life to converting other pirates to this true path of life. Everyone cries for him, and he ends up collecting $87. 75 for this scam and a jug of whiskey. Another time, the Duke decides to perform a low comedy to the people of Pokesville called the Royal Nonesuch. At the bottom of the handbill, it says that women and children are not admitted, in attempt to get a large group of men to come. The people feel cheated because the Duke and the King only act a small skit and then leave. The following two nights, the show is sold out but on the third night, Huck realizes that the crowd has rotten eggs and cabbages stuffed in their pockets. He tells the Duke and the King, and they are able to escape with a total of 465 dollars. At supper, the king and the duke fairly laughed their bones loose over the way theyd served them people. (Page 152) The scams that the two frauds performed showed how low-down and rotten they actually were. Huck is hurt by the following two greedy cons that the King and the Duke pull off. The first was one where they found out that a man named Peter Wilks had died and they pretended to be his long lost brothers in order to steal the inheritance from the three Wilks daughters. They actually stooped this low just to gain some money. They only thought of themselves without even considering future of the girls who were relying on them to take them back to England and care for them. Obviously, the plan of the King and the Duke was that once they collected enough money, they would just abandon the three, orphan sisters. This was the reason that their plan failed. Once they received six thousand dollars in gold, they wanted to stay longer to make more money. Eventually, the real brothers of Peter Wilks came, and everyone realized that the King and the Duke were just impostors. Mark Twain showed his disgust for these men through Huck when he said, It was enough to make a body ashamed of the human race. (Page 162) Another instance in which the Duke and the King displayed their gluttony was when they sold Jim to Mr. Phelps in order to make forty dollars. Even after Huck and Jim had done so much to help the crooks, they stabbed them in the back. Then, Huck found out that they were going to the bar with the money they made from every scam and that they were getting drunk. This crushes Huck especially because he is so emotional and has such strong morals. After all this long journey, and after all wed done for them scoundrels, here it was all come to nothing, everything all busted up and ruined, because they could have the heart to serve Jim such a trick as that, and make him a slave again all his life, and amongst strangers, too, for forty dirty dollars. (Page 211) The reader really sees for the first time with the Wilks scam and what the Duke and the King did to Jim how dishonest they really are. The ending of the Duke and the King was appropriate because they were such horrible people. All the cons that they pulled off were more than enough for them to deserve a tar and feathering even though Huck did not believe so. Well, it made me sick to see it; and I was sorry for them poor pitiful rascals, it seemed like I couldnt ever feel any hardness against them any more in the world. (Page 230) The King and the Duke had outraged every town in which they performed a scam. They had to run from the people and dogs following them before Huck and Jim helped them, after the Royal Nonesuch, they had to flee from the mob, and the mob at the town where they tried to rip off the Wilks, they were almost lynched. If they felt that they were brave enough to try to scam all those towns, they must have known that they would have to face the punishment if they were finally caught. The Duke and the King deserved what they got because they cared for no one but themselves. The tar and feathering that the con artists received was a reasonable punishment because they were so greedy, and in their actions they showed that they had no morals or conscience. What was even worse was that they used the money that they stole poorly. They went and wasted it all every time just to get drunk. They were also the reason for slowing down Huck and Jims adventure down the Mississippi River because they were forced to stay with the King and the Duke. The characters of the King and the Duke were despicable and self-absorbed. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-19654559609881126552020-01-20T22:56:00.001-08:002020-01-20T22:56:03.659-08:00Databases and Y2K :: ComputersDatabases and Y2K Introduction: Tremendous problems loom just around the corner for organizations that use two-digit years (i.e. 1-9-97). How tough could it be to change the year from 1999 to 2000? The "Year 2000 Problem" cannot be fixed by simply resetting a computer's internal clock on January 1, 2000. Computers may be smart, but their programmers weren't very farsighted. In the '60s and '70s, many businesses were looking to cut costs and because computer storage space was expensive at the time, programmers decided to cut year dates to two digits (i.e., 1969 became 69). It doesn't sound like a major error, but computers are extremely date-sensitive. Computers routinely add and subtract digits in a date to make a variety of logical calculations, ranging from travel reservations to how much interest one has accrued on a savings account. The problem lies in the fact that many computers designate century data using only two digits, 00, and will read 2000 as 1900. And the bug affects more than just computer systems. Many manufacturers have built products with software instructions embedded onto chips; equipment ranging from fax machines to auto assembly lines could all be affected by the bug. What's the Problem? For many organizations, the Year 2000 Problem has become the most complex project management exercise ever undertaken. The reasons for this are multi-factored. For starters, we are less than 13 months away from Year 2000 yet many organizations are just now paying attention to it.1 There is no way to avoid the fact that our information systems are based on a faulty standard that will cost the worldwide computer community billions of dollars in programming effort. This 'bug' touches on all areas of an organization, and the complexity of analyzing and quantifying the scope of the problem, repairing and replacing infected items, conducting adequate testing activities and finally, implementing multiple interrelated hardware, systems and software can be overwhelming. Compounding the difficulty is the lack of awareness in general regarding the potential risks, and the fact that the project is driven by a series of hard dates. In addition, many organizations have further complicated the process by beginning their e Databases and Y2K How might Y2K affect databases that, in turn, affect our everyday lives? Let's take your bank account. As the 1999 turns over to 2000, your bank's computer may calculate that your account deserves an additional 100 year's interest. Of course, it's also possible you may be penalized for being 100 years overdue on your loan payment! Or suppose you have some data records and want to sort them by mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-18785135431721257272020-01-12T19:20:00.001-08:002020-01-12T19:20:04.071-08:00North Country Auto, Inc EssayEach of the departments of North Country Auto, Inc. namely, the new cars sales and used cars sales, service, parts, body shop and oil change ââ¬Å"operated as part of one businessâ⬠before George Liddy bought into the dealership. The Department Managers were paid salaries and a year-end bonus. However, feeling that this system would not motivate employees, he devised a system wherein he could track effectively the departmental performance. For this, he developed a system for so that each department will be treated as decentralized profit centers. This new system requires that cost be broken down per department. Also, the bonuses per each department head will be based on departmental gross profits. So far as the outcome of the new system is concerned, a recent new car purchase sparked friction and disagreements among division heads on the matter of setting of transfer prices and allocation of costs and profits. It was important that as one department aims to maximize profit, it does not negatively affect other departments. Issues that needed to be resolved include setting of transfer prices between departments, formalizing intercompany transactions, the divisional structure (use of profit or cost center), and the proper allocation of company profits among departments. Problem The different departments of North Country Auto, Inc. must choose between three pricing systems: base on market price, full retail better than others, and based on book value. Also, the company must decide whether they should continue treating each department independently in order to gain huge profits considering that the managerââ¬â¢s incentives are determined upon the departmentââ¬â¢s earnings. Point of View In this case, we take the point of view of George Liddy, owner of North Country Auto, Inc. Analysis In examining the issues faced by the company, the car purchase discussed in the interdepartmental meeting is used as illustration. â⬠¢ Companyââ¬â¢s current operation Comparison: -retail full price considered (new car sold for $5200 without any repairs) -book value considered (used car sold for $5200) Revenue Costs Profit new car (full retail price) $14,150 , $11,4 , 20 , $2,7, 30, used car (book value) , 5200, 4800 , 400 â⬠¢ Price-transfer shown by profits guide book value at wholesale and assumed market Price $3,500 , retail price 5200 , trade in allowance 4800 The trade in allowance of $4800 is the value that is essentially believed by the new and used car sales force believes that the car can be sold. Considering the market price of $3500, the calculated profit is $1700. But, it should be recognized that this profit is at the expense of the $1300 profit from the initial transaction. This is due to the difference between the carââ¬â¢s trade value ($4800) and the market price ($3500). With this, the used car manager must receive the credit or consequences for the profit or loss. This is due to the fact that the used car managers are the appropriate ones to receive incentives in selling the used cars. On the other hand, the new car managers are the ones to receive the incentives in increasing the trade-in value of the cars above the market value. This in turn, makes it easier for people to buy new cars. The illustration above brings up the issue of having the used car manager receive incentives because of the carââ¬â¢s value determined by the new car manager Explanation on $59000 loss on wholesaling of used cars The loss may have occurred because new car owners are pushing for trade-in car values above market valuations on their used cars. For example, if new cars are sold for $4800 and used cars for $3500, the used car group would have a difficult time making a profit. This is because they may have sold the car for $5200 (as shown in the example above). Most of the time, it will be hard for the used car department to sell the used cars above its book value of $3500. Thus, the used car division may incur loss since they are using cost for the used cars that is too high. Recommendations Incentives should be based on company profits. A better system should be established such that managers of the two departments are given incentives based not on the gross profits of their respective departments but on theà profits of the company as a whole. This would help ensure that conflicts of the two departments will be lessened and that the two departments will no longer compete but will work together to enrich the value of the firm. In order to be more profitable, the firm could use blue book values for the trade-in value and use that as the cost to the used car division. However, if it is better for the firm to provide added incentive to customers to trade in their cars, the firm could allow for higher trade-in values but responsibility for those added costs should reside in the new sales division. Regarding the issue of costs, whether it should be at wholesale or retail, it should be considered that North Country is a company offering more on services. The cost of service of making the cars sellable differs minimally from the market price. And these service costs should be added to the cost of used cars in wholesale. The profit on repairs must be akin to competitorââ¬â¢s values as well as to the industry. QUESTION and ANSWERS 1. Using the data in the transaction, compute the profitability of this one transaction to the new, used, parts, and service departments. Assume a sales commission of $250 for this trade-in on a selling price of $5000. (note : use the following allocations [new,$385; used,$665; parts,$32; service,$114] for overhead expense while computing the profitability of this one transaction. These overhead allocations are also shown as Note 13 in Exhibit 3.) Using the data in the transaction , compute the profitability of this one transaction to the new, used, parts and service departments. Assume a sales commission of $250 for the trade in on a selling price of $5000 2. How should the transfer ââ¬â pricing system operate for each department (market price, full retail, full cost, variable cost)? The transfer pricing system should be operated at full retail . But at the same time care should be taken that the retail transfer price of the repairs should not encourage the used car sales manager to avoid the possibility of losses in her department by wholesaling trade in cars thatà could be resold at a profit for the dealership. This cud hurt the dealership by making its deals less attractive for new car customers. Hence while maximizing profits in oneââ¬â¢s department it should not affect the other departments negatively. 3. If it were found one week later that the trade-in could be wholesaled for only $3000, which manager should take the loss? If the used car is sold at auction for $3,000 after the trade-in value was set at $4,800, the company should note a loss of $1,800. However, if the new car salesman only gives $3,500 of value to the new customer based on the Blue Book value, then the loss reflected on the income statement and balance sheet should only be $500. In the case of the $1800 loss, responsibility should fall on both the new car salesman and the used car salesman. The new car salesman is at fault for giving the customer $4,800 in value when the car was only worth $3,500. The used car salesman is responsible for the additional loss of $500 for being unable to receive market value for the car. If the used car had a trade-in value at Blue Book of $3,500, then the used car salesman alone would be responsible for the loss of $500 in this transaction. 4. North Country incurred a year-to-date loss about $59.000 before allocation of fixed cost on the wholesaling of used cars (see note 2 in Exhibit 3). Wholesaling of used cars is the theoretically supposed to be a break-even operation. Where do you think the problem lies? It is possible that this loss occurred because new car owners were giving customers looking to trade-in existing cars above market valuations on their used cars. If new owners were providing credit for $4,800 for a used car that is worth $3,500, the used car group would have a difficult time making a profit. While there would be times (like the example above) where they could sell the car for $5,200 and still make a profit despite the inflated prices, most of the time they will have difficulty selling the used car above its Blue Book value of $3,500. Therefore, the used car division may be operating at a loss because the cost they are using for the used cars is too high. 5. Should profit centers be evaluated on gross profit or ââ¬Å"full cost: profit? Incentives should be based on company profits. A better system should be established such that managers of the two departments are given incentives based not on the gross profits of their respective departments but on the profits of the company as a whole. This would help ensure that conflicts of the two departments will be lessened and that the two departments will no longer compete but will work together to enrich the value of the firm. 6. What advice do you have for the owners? The owners of the business should make sure the managers of their various groups are properly incented to do what is most profitable for the firm as a whole. Probably, the firm should use blue book values for the trade-in value and use that as the cost to the used car division. However, if it is better for the firm to provide added incentive to customers to trade in their cars, the firm could allow for higher trade-in values but responsibility for those added costs should reside in the new sales division. On the other hand, if a case can be made that the used cars are worth more to this organization than to the market as a whole because they have an ability to consistently sell used cars above blue book value or because the service organization can increase those used cars more than other organizations can at similar cost, the additional costs of allowing trade-ins above Blue Book value might be appropriately split between both the new car and used car divisions. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-32059907733836966772020-01-04T15:44:00.001-08:002020-01-04T15:44:02.872-08:00Labour Unions, Wages and Monetary Integration in Continental Europe Free Essay Example, 1750 words Ireland and Britain have resorted to the creation of these laws because of the inefficiencies of trade unions to articulate for the rights of employees. Seeing the need to protect employers from their employers, Britain and Ireland introduced these laws, to guide the relationship between the employers and their employees. However, some of these measures have faced resistance from trade unions. For example in Ireland, trade unions are advocating for the enactment of a law that will protect the concept of collective bargaining (Hanckeà and Studien, 2012). It is important to denote that when a government introduces a minimum wage rate, employers can decide to pay at that rate, even though it is not sufficient. Due to the structure of the market, and the presence of many competitors, employees under this social model do not have better working conditions as those of Continental Europe. There is a high level of inequality between the rich and the poor. This is because of disparity in wages. In order for companies to make a profit, employees are always working for longer working hours, as compared to the countries of Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands. We will write a custom essay sample on Labour Unions, Wages and Monetary Integration in Continental Europe or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-81810028321210908492019-12-27T12:10:00.001-08:002019-12-27T12:10:03.563-08:00A Report On The Cyber Security Triad - 1133 Words Look at your nightly news: nearly every week another major business and sector are targeted- and breached- by cyber attackers that are intent on economic theft and/or operational disruption. Just a few years ago, industrial control system (ICS) operators could never have imagined the malicious attacks cyber adversaries are executing DAILY. The New Reality is clear: technical sophistication of attacks can only be offset by a sound defense-in-depth approach. ICS systems thrive on availability more than confidentiality and integrity (the ââ¬Å"Cyber Security Triadâ⬠) which enables the accurate and efficient control of power system assets. Attacks can be directed at either specific electrical systems or common systems owned by multiple assetâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦By concentrating on our infrastructure and the associated vulnerabilities, then we can mitigate threats using Best Practices to correct exploitable vulnerabilities. However, a new breed of threat has emerged: the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). While future versions of CIP Standards are beginning to address APTs, many entities are not waiting for their defense to be ââ¬Å"mandatedâ⬠by law. Many entities are preparing by improving their ability to detect threat patterns and designing improved threat response and mitigation. The investment in prevention, detection and correction of cyber threats has emerged as a major governance goal of most power generation and transmission entities. A Defense-in-Depth approach is a multi-layered strategy and tactical assault on the threat vectors facing both the Information Technology (IT) side of the business and the Operational Technology (OT) side. This approach must be coordinated and aligned to achieve significant vulnerability reduction. To begin with, facilities must implement an achievable process that will enlist the support of every team member from the CEO to the operators. This starts with a Cyber Security Plan. Step One- Asset Management: Identification of Data, Devices and Systems It is crucial to understand your cyber environment: hardware, software, operating systems, storage, etc. Attackers frequently take advantage of system hardware that has been mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-78424504439904801442019-12-19T07:59:00.001-08:002019-12-19T07:59:03.077-08:00Case 10 Jake And Privacy Essay - 2142 Words Case 10: Jake and Privacy Who has moral responsibility for deciding what to do? In this case we are introduced to Jake Markos, a computer programmer at ALAC Marketing. Jake is posed with the ethical dilemma of whether or not to include secret spyware in a survey software heââ¬â¢s developing for the Diabetes Foundation, with the intention of attaining and marketing to the foundations donorââ¬â¢s emails. Jake is very much an introverted person and likes his job at ALAC because it challenges him, he can work alone for the most part and dreads the process of job hunting. Jake encountered this ethical dilemma when his boss, Nathan Brooke who is well aware of Jakes capabilities and vulnerabilities, suggests that he should include an extra line of code within a surveying software Jake had been working on.. Nathans intention was to acquire the email information of the wealthy donors of the Diabetes Foundation in order to market Circulex, an expensive pharmaceutical drug beneficial to diabeticââ¬â¢s blood flow, to them. The Circulex contract was a very profitab le one for ALAC and Nathanââ¬â¢s main objective was to satisfy it. After suggesting Jake add in the spyware to the foundations survey, Nathan then went on to suggest that if Jake didnââ¬â¢t do it he would have to look for work elsewhere. Knowing Jakeââ¬â¢s docile, introverted personality traits and essentially threatening him with termination, we can already see Nathan manipulating Jake into doing the task, regardless of Jakes moral hesitations.Show MoreRelatedEdward Snowden Kantian Ethics1885 Words à |à 5 Pagesrelated to global surveillance programs run by the NSA. This has raised multiple ethical issues ranging from national security, information privacy and the ethics behind whistleblowing in general. The reach and impact of these leaks have gone global and have put in question the very government that protects us as well as the extent of the publicââ¬â¢s rights on privacy. Various foreign governments have begun making changes to their programs and prosecuting man y directly involved in the espionage of the publicRead MoreThe Symbolism of Car in American Culture3516 Words à |à 14 Pagesjust a vehicle or a means to get from one point to the next. 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Arguments opposedâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦page 6 Applying principles of Deontology and Utilitarianism to the ethical dilemmaâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦page 8 Conclusionâ⬠¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦page 10 Bibliographyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...page 11 Introduction Journalists covering wars and conflicts are faced with numerous ethical dilemmas regarding professional codes of conduct, laws regulating national security and personal commitmentsRead MoreThe Media Of A Third Estate3243 Words à |à 13 Pagesinstitutions, for example, are quite different from those which obtain between the state and the press or, different yet again, between the state and the cinema. 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Key terms Confidentiality: ensuring information is only accessible to people who are authorised to know about it Case study the parent Staff (homeââ¬âSchool) association at elm Lea primary school wants to improve communication with parents whose children are moving up from nursery to the reception class. they decide to put together an information leaflet. they have askedRead MoreCase: Chester Wayne Essay18738 Words à |à 75 PagesGlobal Sustainability Eastman Kodak Company 2010 Annual Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Report Scope 3 Leadership Message 6 Company Profile 10 Goals 12 Performance Data 14 Compliance 15 Sustainability Framework 21 Governance 26 Innovation 31 Stewardship 41 Engagement 50 External Recognition 51 About the Photographs SCOPE OF REPORT SCOPE OF REPORT Kodak is pleased to present our fifth annual Global Sustainability Report, as well as our 21st public report to include health, safety and environmentalRead MoreCase Study for Autism13506 Words à |à 55 PagesCase Study: Effective Teaching Strategies for a Student with Aspergerââ¬â¢s in the General Educational Classroom Elizabeth Addington Durgin George Mason University Abstract At a training session in Loudoun County Public Schools (LCPS) on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), statistics were shared of the number of students in the school system with an ASD diagnosis. It has become the third most common childhood illness. In the LCPS 10.6% of Individualized Education Programs (IEP) are dedicated toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesCataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. ââ¬â 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3ââ¬âdc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 DiversityRead MoreMarketing Management Mcq Test Bank53975 Words à |à 216 Pagesadditional brand extension opportunities E) more inelastic consumer response to price decreases Answer: D Page Ref: 244 Objective: 2 AACSB: Reflective thinking Difficulty: Moderate 3 Copyright à © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 10) When a marketer expresses his or her vision of what the brand must be and do for consumers, they are expressing what is called ________. A) a brand promise B) a brand personality C) a brand identity D) a brand position E) a brand revitalization Answer: mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-91870518640283017772019-12-11T04:41:00.001-08:002019-12-11T04:41:04.026-08:00Best Practices and Strategies free essay sample Ex: functional, conglomerate, and divisional. For this list of practices we will use the divisional design. a. Divisional Design aka M form (the M stands for multidivisional): Is made up of separate, semi autonomous units or divisions and each division has its own goals to accomplish. 6) Culture: Refers to the set of values that helps its members understand what the organization stands for how it wants to accomplish what it wants to accomplish, and what it considers important. 7) Human Resource Strategy Implementation: Requires an understanding of undamental individual and interpersonal behavioral process. b. Individual Process: Psychological Contracts; Personality; Motivation; and Stress. c. Organizational system and Process: Understanding of the causes of stress, the process by which stress affects individuals can cope better with stress in organizational settings. d. Interpersonal Group Process: Group Behavior; Leadership; and Communication. Select one (1) the corporate strategies discussed in Chapter 4 and formulate a human resource strategy that will support the corporate strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Best Practices and Strategies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Cost leadership strategy is one that focuses on minimizing the cost as much as possible. This strategy allows the firm to charge the lowest possible prices for its products, thereby presumably generating an overall level of revenue. A human resource strategy that will support this corporate strategy would be: a. Efficiency Ratio: keeping expenses low with earnings being high. b. Learning Curve: maintaining training and continues training of employeeââ¬â¢s. c. Good Purchasing approach: acquiring goods or services to accomplish the goals of the firm. . Maintaining latest technology: helps maintain inventory control, which in return helps ensure products to customers. e. Strategic marketing mix to help ensure market leadership f. Superior customer service: series of activities designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction. Competitive or above average pay, employee advancement, and employee incentivizes. g. Product leadership: concept which describes delivering state of the art products in the market. Discuss the Fruit Guys business strategy. Identify three (3) other businesses that could use the five (5) questions the Fruit Guys used to determine effectiveness and identify three (3) businesses in which the business strategy would not work well. Provide a rationale for your answer. The business strategy that the Fruit Guys uses is the defender strategy. Defender strategy: works best when a business operates in an environment with relatively little uncertainty and risk and high degree of stability. The goal of the defender is to identify for itself a relatively narrow niche in the market and then to direct a limited set of products or services at he niche. After reviewing the website of the Fruit Guys, their niche is to provide fresh ââ¬Å"healthy brain foodâ⬠as the fruit guys refer to it as such to the premises of the workplace. As healthy foods to the office ââ¬Å"can boost productivity, improve wellness and help companies improve their bottom lineâ⬠. The Fruit Guys fills thousands of business of businesses in America with seasonal fresh fruit varying from small family businesses, to major Fortune 500 companies. With their customers sharing their idea on health, and the environment, this helps bring stability to the company, while their employees bring in pride, giving high productivity levels. The five questions that the Fruit Guys have based their strategy on is: I. Have we been respectful to the people we work with employees, coworkers, and customers? II. Have we been responsible to their needs? III. Have we been realistic with them about what we can or cannot do? IV. Can we take personal responsibility for the situation? V. Are we going to be remembered positively? Three companies that could use the five questions to work for their businesses are: a) Car Dealerships (especially Used Car dealerships) b) Construction Companies c) Cleaning Company Three Companies that would not benefit from the use of the five questions are: a) Jc Pennyââ¬â¢s b) Walmart c) BJââ¬â¢S Wholesale Club (ex: Costco) My reasoning behind my choices for the use of the five questions are these companies are more handââ¬â¢s on with their companies, and actually rely on word of mouth business and repeat business. Without these referrals and repeat business these companies would have to rely a lot on marketing and advertising strategies. My reasoning behind my choices for these businesses that would not benefit from the five questions is because these companies are very well expanded. With many stores in many different locations of one state and through-out many states these companies do not rely on word of mouth or repeat business. As their marketing strategies, advertising strategies, and sales are what continuously brings in repeat customer, and new customers. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-88860275357990252792019-12-03T16:22:00.001-08:002019-12-03T16:22:03.519-08:00Understanding The Predictions Of Nostradamus Essays - Prediction Understanding the Predictions of Nostradamus In Regards to Women Physician and prophet Michel de Nostradame lived in the first part of the sixteenth century. To understand these prophecies one must first understand the position of women in the sixteenth century. During the sixteenth century there was very little a woman could do. Men dominated most aspects of women's social, political, and religious lives. Women were treated as if they were inferior to men. They were treated like possessions. In religion the Catholic Church was the dominant force in the Renaissance. The Church was, of course, run by the Pope, a man. Women were burned as witches "for ?crimes' that could be as minor as a local act of feminine healing, or even the choice made by a single woman to live alone (9)." The Reformation brought no relief for women. In fact the Protestant Reformation may have actually harmed women. Catholic leaders took it upon themselves to start Inquisitions in France, Italy, and most notably, Spain. Any kind of deviant behavior could be defined as a crime during this time. Women were considered "flawed" to begin with?They not only used their sexuality to entice men from the path of God but they also were the daughters of Eve, the originator of sin. Also many passages in the Bible were mistranslated to be anti-women. Some believe that this "mistranslation" was a deliberate attempt by the Catholic Church to keep the society male dominated. Michel de Nostradame was born in 1503 in St. Remy, Provence, France. His family were originally Jewish until they converted to avoid persecution from the Catholics. Although they converted, they, along with many other Christian "converts", were viewed with suspicion. From early childhood Nostradamus was exposed to "pagan" studies of the occult, alchemy, and astrology. He understood that he had to be careful because the Catholic Church didn't approve of these studies. He studied to be a doctor at the University of Montpellier. After he was done with his studies he decided to try to find a cure to the dreaded bubonic plague that continually swept across France. This may have been of interest to him because of the early death of his first wife, who is thought to have died in one such wave. While he didn't cure the bubonic plague, he did further medicine with the discovery of natural remedies such "as dried and crushed rose petals in capsules placed under the tongue of the sufferer to release Vitamin C into the blood (15)." He wrote a collection of "prophetic rhymed quatrains, written between 1555 and 1558 (15)" called Centuries. Nostradamus predicted the rise and fall of modern Communism and other key events in the future including the twentieth century. He named some individuals such as Napoleon and Hitler. But the real subject of the paper would have to be how Nostradamus predicted the change of circumstance for women. Many of Nostradamus' "prophecies are obscurely written and heavily camouflaged with ancient languages, strange references to contemporary events, which act as metaphors for future significance, as well as anagrams (16)." This was mostly done to avoid detection in his own lifetime and probably to sound more profound. "New law to occupy the new land Towards Syria, Judea, and Palestine: The great barbarian empire of men to decay, Before the Moon completes its cycle (47)." -Century 3:97 It is told to us in the book "Nostradamus- Prophecies for Women" that the term "new land" refers to the Americas. The "new law" can be related to the "barbarian empire of men" as that it could represent that men will have a different place in the Americas. The moon's cycle can be construed to have a "feminine" connection. Phrased a bit more simply: The Americas could be a source of a lunar rising of consciousness at a time when the male dominated religion and law is at its all time peak. The rule of men will start to crumble before the evolution of woman is complete. Nostradamus also predicted that democracy would replace the autocracies of his time. He also thought that women would start to slowly take their place in these new democracies and that would influence a new order. These women would change the laws to be more equal in gender. "With a name so timid will she be mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-85597810615717302622019-11-27T16:51:00.001-08:002019-11-27T16:51:04.032-08:00Winter Dreams Essays - Hypocorisms, Judy, Television, Dexter Winter Dreams The story Winter Dreams is the epitome of the saying "opposites attract". Just take a look at two of the main characters of the story; Dexter Green and Judy Jones. Judy who was born into wealth has had everything hand fed to her, for her entire life. And on the other hand you have Dexter, a boy from black bear, Minnesota with a dad that owns the second most successful grocery store in area. Dexter is a boy that comes from an upper class family, yet still knows the importance of working for riches and is fully prepared to do so. Two different people that are still drawn together by two things, Judy's loveliness and Dexter's gullable personality. First, let's look at Judy's personality. She is snobby yet refined, with an innocent demeanor that can be down right evil. She is also with out a care in the world. This personality of hers is best potrayed at the golf course when the gentlemen are playing a round of golf and all of the sudden here "fore". Mr. Hedrick is struck in the stomach with a golf ball that was hit by Judy. As she approaches the men Mr. Hedrick blurts out that her wild shot had hit him in the stomach, and Judy merely replies "Did I?" "I'm sorry. I yelled ?fore!' " (p 673) as nothing that had just occurred was out of the ordinary. Then she continued to look for her ball as she carelessly walks by the gentlemen, and after all that had just occurred she asked if they had seen where it went after striking Hedrick. Dexter on the other hand is completely different than Judy. He is a hard working boy, that is known and respected as one of the top caddies of the golf course in Black Bear. Dexter is a confident yet modest boy that has been schooled by the finest schools of the east. Meaning an ivy league school. He is smart and savvy yet extremely gullible to beauty, thus the reason for his obsession with Judy. His personality is best portrayed when he does not like the idea of the snotty little girl Judy bossing him around. He does not like it so without a hesitation he quits his job and goes home. As much as I liked Dexter and disliked Judy I found myself thinking that Dexter was a complete fool. He should have seen what Judy had been doing to all the other guys around him, and he should have left her. Yet he didn't and he hurt other people because of his foolishness. People like Irene, his bride to be whom he broke off his engagement to as soon as he got a hint of Judy showing interest in him. Woman can have that effect on men though and Dexter was only human so all could be forgiven of him. The only thing that puzzled me the most was the fact that after he had been told of Judy's ways he was extremely upset. Even after all the pain that was caused by the beautiful and wretched girl. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-5279650928375430072019-11-24T00:26:00.001-08:002019-11-24T00:26:04.284-08:00Gender Differences in Mathematics EssaysGender Differences in Mathematics Essays Gender Differences in Mathematics Essay Gender Differences in Mathematics Essay Throughout the first half of the twentieth century and into the 2nd. adult females analyzing or working in technology were popularly perceived as oddnesss at best. castawaies at worst. withstanding traditional gender norms. Female applied scientists created systems of societal. psychological. and fiscal common support. through such schemes. conditions for female applied scientists changed perceptibly over merely a few decennaries. although many challenges remain. Engineering instruction in the United States has had a gendered history. one that until comparatively late prevented adult females from happening a topographic point in the preponderantly male proficient universe. For decennaries. Americans treated the professional survey of engineering as menââ¬â¢s district. At topographic points where engineeringââ¬â¢s butch civilization had become most deep-rooted. talk of adult females applied scientists seemed pathetic ( Sax. 2005 ) . For old ages itââ¬â¢s been assumed that immature adult females avoid callings in mathematics-based Fieldss. like technology and natural philosophies. because they lack assurance in their math accomplishments. But a new survey finds that itââ¬â¢s non a deficiency of assurance in their math accomplishments that drives misss from those Fieldss ; itââ¬â¢s a desire to work in people-oriented professions. It has been found that immature adult females who are strong in math tend to seek callings in the biological scientific disciplines. They value working with and for people. they donââ¬â¢t perceive technology as a profession that meets that demand. The environment at many tech schools is hostile toward assisting pupils achieve a grade and is more geared toward weeding out those who are fighting. Itââ¬â¢s hard to come up with alternate technology solutions if everybody in the room looks likewise. : Thatââ¬â¢s the initial ground why car manufacturers and providers are busy seeking to place and engage minority and adult females applied scientists. The concern instance is that if more than half of an automakerââ¬â¢s clients are either female and/or people of colour. which they are. so those groups need to be represented in every sector of the company. One of the most of import countries for car manufacturers to acquire a scope of positions is in merchandise development. With that diverseness mission in head. DaimlerChrysler Corp. . Ford Motor Co. and General Motors Corp. . all have mounted aggressive plans to place and engage minority and adult females applied scientists. At GM the narrative is the same. To pull minority and adult females applied scientists. the car manufacturer proclaims that invention comes from the people who see the universe in a different manner than everyone else. One adult females and minorities enter into the automotive technology ranks. they need to be challenged and encouraged to develop their callings or theyââ¬â¢ll be gone ( Sax. 2005 ) . Itââ¬â¢s non merely the Big Three that are working to make a more diverse technology work force. Suppliers and technology support organisations such as the Society of Automotive Engineers are seeking to pull more adult females and minorities into the profession. Faced with inveterate little per centums of minorities and adult females in virtually every section of technology. companies are traveling to great lengths to pull them to the universe of automotive technology. Harvard President Lawrence Summers ignited a firestorm late when he suggested more work forces than adult females are scientists because of differences between males and females in intrinsic aptitude. Many scientists-both work forces and women-expressed indignation at Summerââ¬â¢s comments and blamed any slowdown in math among misss chiefly on favoritism and socialisation ( Dean. 2006 ) . They point out that misss have closed the spread in mean tonss on most standardised math trials in simple and high school. Today adult females constitute about half of college math big leagues and more than half of biological science big leagues. But Summerââ¬â¢s protagonists say he bravely raised a legitimate inquiry for scientific enquiry. Indeed. in recent old ages some research workers have been prosecuting a scientific account for the disagreements in math and scientific discipline aptitude and accomplishment among male childs and misss and have found differences. including biological 1s. Summerââ¬â¢s suggestion that adult females are biologically inferior in math infuriated many female scientists. Some asserted that the other two factors he mentioned were far more of import in maintaining adult females out of scientific discipline: sex favoritism and the manner misss are taught to see math as male district. Some differences are good established. Girls do better on trials of content learned in category and score much higher on reading and composing trials than male childs. Boys score higher on standardised trials with math and scientific discipline jobs non straight tied to their school course of study. On trials of spacial consciousness. male childs do better on trials that involve pilotage through infinite. Girls are better at retrieving objects and landmarks. Studies show differences in encephalon construction and hormonal degrees that appear to act upon spacial logical thinking. But the deductions of these differences for existent universe math and scientific discipline accomplishment remain ill-defined. There is grounds that male and female encephalons differ anatomically is elusive ways. but no 1 knows how these anatomical differences relate to cognitive public presentation. ( Dean. 2006 ) . At the bosom of the current contention is a social implication-that the failure of an establishment like Harvard to tenure even one adult female mathematician can be blamed on the deficiency of top-hole adult females mathematicians. which in bend can be blamed on too-few top female heads in math. As grounds of intrinsic aptitude differences. Summers pointed out that more male childs than misss receive top tonss on standardised math trials. Today girls receive better classs than male childs in math and scientific discipline through high school. have closed the spread on mean tonss on most standardised math trials and take more advantage high school categories than male childs in about every class except natural philosophies and high-ranking concretion. In college they constitute about half the math big leagues and more than half the biological science big leagues. Indeed. today a turning figure of research workers contend male childs are the 1s who are shortchanged-judging by the larger proportion of male childs in special-education categories and the worsening proportion go toing college. Womans now make up 56 per centum of pupils enrolled in college ; by 2012. the Department of Education undertakings they will account for approximately 60 per centum of bachelorââ¬â¢s grades ( 2002 ) . The fact that more male childs than misss make top tonss on standardised math trials is frequently invoked as grounds that boys possess an unconditioned high quality in high-ranking math. Experts on both sides of the divide agree gender differences are existent. even if they disagree bout how much is socially learned and how much biologically based. Girls do better on authorship and on algebra jobs. likely because algebraic equations are similar to sentences. and girls excel in linguistic communication processing. Male childs are better at mathematical word jobs ; misss are better at mathematical computation. Boys and misss besides differ on spacial accomplishments. and experts are divided over how unconditioned or of import these differences are. A recent survey of the Graduate Record Exam. for case. found work forces did better on math jobs where a spatially based solution was an advantage ( Gallagher. A ; Kaufman. 2005 ) . Sexual activity endocrines have been shown in several surveies to impact the ability to visualize an object rotating in infinite. Females who take male endocrines to fix for a sex-change operation better on trials of 3-D rotary motion and acquire worse on trials of verbal eloquence. at which adult females typically excel. During their catamenial rhythm. adult females do better on 3-D rotary motion when degrees of the female endocrine estrogen are low ; they do better on verbal eloquence when estrogen degrees are high. If scientific discipline be taught straight with a hands-on. inquiry-based attack. it sustains girlââ¬â¢s involvement in scientific discipline. Girls like to work in concerted squads. a batch of scientific discipline was taught in a competitory manner. Women scientists besides earn less than work forces. But itââ¬â¢s merely just that adult females who work fewer hours face the economic effects of lower wages and less position. Mentions: Dean. Cornelia. ( 2006 ) . Dismissing Sexist Opinionsââ¬â¢ About Womenââ¬â¢s Place in Science . A Conversation with Ben A. Barres. The New York Times. July 18. 2006. pp. 1-5. Gallagher. Ann M. . A ; Kaufman. James M. ( 2005 ) . Gender Differences in Mathematicss: An Integrative Psychological Approach. Cambridge University Press. National Center for Education Statistics. Projections of Education Statistics To 2012 . ( 2002 ) . Available online: hypertext transfer protocol: //nces. erectile dysfunction. gov/pubs2002/proj. 2012/ch_2. asp. . Sax. Leonard. ( 2005 ) . Too Few Women- Figure It Out . Los Angeles Times. Jan. 23. 2005. mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7768236611689675233.post-60187132598858685062019-11-21T06:11:00.001-08:002019-11-21T06:11:14.095-08:00Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 wordsTaxation - Essay Example First, the paper explores the evidence presented by Mirrlees that is applicable to welfare reform, then analyses the shortcomings of the current benefits and welfare system, the changes proposed to the welfare system, and lastly, criticisms launched by various parties to the proposed changes to the UK benefits and welfare system. The Mirrlees Review delivers a comprehensive review of tax reform drawing on new evidence, new (applied) theory, and new economic environment. The main motivation for the call for reform was a tax structure that does not work as a system (absence of joining up between welfare benefits, corporate taxes, and personal taxes); is not neutral in cases where it should be (irreconcilable savings taxes and a corporate tax system that elevates debt over equity); is not well structured where it should diverge from neutrality, and fails to attain progressivity efficiently (Auerbach 2012, p.685). The impact of taxation on work effort forms one of the core sources of inefficiency of a distortionary tax system. Labour supply models convey the trade off between work and leisure. The evidence detailed in Labour Supply and Taxes detail that the hours of are comparatively inelastic for men, and a bit responsive for married women (Meghir and Philips 2008, p.3). The participation of low education men is more responsive to the incentive to incentives than initially thought. For men with enhanced levels of education, participation is virtually responsive. The Mirrlees Review considered evidence under five headings: critical margins of adjustment to tax reform; measurement of effective tax rates; the significance of information and complexity; evidence on the size of responses; and, implications from theory for tax design (Mirrlees, et al. 2010, p.2). The review delivers empirical evidence on labour supply responses for individuals and families at both the intensive and extensive margins and by age and demographic structure; mathewfox197633http://www.blogger.com/profile/05105571912823597023noreply@blogger.com0